The structure is composed of a resonance box, a headstock, a piano rod, a peg, a bridge and a string. The total length of the piano body is 80 cm to 85 cm.

sound box
Flat, rectangular, and oval at four corners, it is similar to the pipa in the Dong nationality.

The piano box is 18 cm to 20 cm long, 14 cm to 16 cm wide, and 5 cm to 6 cm thick. The frame and bottom plate are tied to a solid piece of hard wood such as iron wood, red toon wood or blue bar wood. The thickness of the piano is 1 cm to 1.5 cm. The top and bottom of the piano frame have square holes for inserting the piano rod. The old snake skin is covered on the top of the piano frame. The blue and white scales should be used. There should be no scars, holes or bald scales on the skin of the snake.

Headstock and stem
It is made of a relatively hard wood, mostly red toon, apricot, tea or nanmu, and its size is the same as the full length of the piano body.

peg
Hardwood, conical in shape, 10-12 cm long axis.

bridge
The wooden bridge is in the shape of a bridge and is placed in the center of the leather surface of the piano case.

strings

Made of silk or steel strings.

The repertoires played by Sanxian include: "Positive Tunes", "Moon Tunes", "Happy Tunes", "Transition Tunes", "Grooming Tunes", "Tea Picking Tunes", "Ma to Lin" and "Baban Tunes", etc.